UT, Colorado Plateau, 20080606
Price to Escalante, lichens

 Location 1 
 Looked like vunipers did better under pinyon 
 Location 7 
 Location 8 
 Location 9 
 Location 10 

Location 1 

Main Wash, on Hwy 6/191 just northwest of where 124 turns off.  Pinyon-juniper forest (lower edge of pinyon range), sandstone. Around 5400'. 39.4204N 110.4417W.

Looked like vunipers did better under pinyon 

all juniper with Physciaceae were under pine but not necessarily all juniper under pinyon did well.

Dermatocarpon_americanum i
Melanelia_elegantula f
Melanelia_subolivacea f
Physcia_biziana i
Physcia_dimidiata f
Rhizoplaca_chrysoleuca f
Xanthomendoza_fallax f
Xanthomendoza_montana i

Acarospora (sandstone flake, lemon yellow, with Caloplaca) [] 

Buellia (juniper wood) [] [voucher] 

Caloplaca (juniper wood) [] [voucher] 

Caloplaca trachyphylla (sandstone flake) [] [voucher] 

Candelariella antennaria (dead pinyon twig with Xanthomendoza) [] 

Candelariella rosulans? (sandstone flake) [] [voucher] 

Dermatocarpon americanum (weathered sheltered pinyon wood) [] [voucher] 

Lecanora garovaglii garovaglii (sandstone flake) [] [voucher] 

Melanelia elegantula (dead pinyon twig, C-, coralloid isidia) [] [voucher] 

Melanelia subolivacea (dead pinyon twig, C-, apotheciate) [] [voucher] 

Physcia biziana (juniper bark, cortex K+y, medulla K-) [] [voucher] 

Physcia dimidiata (juniper bark, cortex K+y, medulla K-) [] [voucher] 

Rhizoplaca chrysoleuca (sandstone flake) [] [voucher] 

Rinodina? (juniper wood) [] 

Xanthomendoza fallax (pinyon and juniper bark) [] [voucher] 

Xanthomendoza montana (pinyon and juniper bark) [] [voucher] 




Loc2-3: San Rafael Desert, several miles south of I-70 towards Hanksville on Hwy 24.  Very sandy, ephedra, no rocks, some old weathered fenceposts.  About 4300'. 38.8287N 110.4055W.

Dead! Even fenceposts.

Phaeophyscia_hirsuta i
Xanthomendoza_fallax i
Xanthomendoza_montana i

Candelariella antennaria (on sheltered ephedra bark) [] [voucher] 

Caloplaca (on sheltered ephedra bark) [] [voucher] 

Lecidea? (on sheltered ephedra bark) [] [voucher] 

Phaeophyscia hirsuta (on sheltered ephedra bark) [] [voucher] 

Xanthomendoza fallax (on sheltered ephedra bark) [] [voucher] 

Xanthomendoza montana (on sheltered ephedra bark) [] [voucher] 

Xylographa (on sheltered ephedra bark) [] [voucher] 




Loc4-6: Capitol Reef along Fremont River, on Hwy 24.  Several locations in wash among cottonwoods and tamarisk.  A few Umbilicaria and Collema on a sandstone block fallen from cliff above.

Dead! Even by irrigated fields.  Is it this dark red silt/sandstone?


Location 7 

About 1 mile north of Grover on Hwy 12.  Pinyon-juniper forest and basalt.  Rich soil/pebble community.  About 7000'.  38.2454N 111.3768W.

Very different vascular flora.  Rocks and soil particularly rich.  Caloplaca thrive under junipers.  Xanthoparmelia thrives on basalt, but it seems rarely sandstone or limestone?  Xanthoparmelia also colonizes weathered bare juniper wood  seems to function same as rock substrate.

Melanelia_elegantula i
Melanelia_subolivacea i
Melanelia_tominii i
Phaeophyscia_hirsuta f
Phaeophyscia_sciastra r
Phaeophyscia_nigricans i
Physcia_dimidiata f
Physconia_muscigena? r
Physconia_detersa f
Rhizoplaca_chrysoleuca f
Rhizoplaca_melanophthalma i
Xanthomendoza_fallax i
Xanthoparmelia_chlorochroa f
Xanthoparmelia_lavicola? i
Xanthoparmelia_lineola? f
Xanthoparmelia_maricopensis? i
Xanthoparmelia_mexicana i
Xanthoparmelia_subplittii? i

Aspicilia (juniper wood) [] 

Caloplaca arizonica? (juniper wood) [] 

Candelariella (juniper wood) [] 

Lecanora garovaglii garovaglii (basalt, hollow, inflated, greenish yellow, K-, KC-, C-, apothecia reddish brown) [] 

Melanelia elegantula (pinyon bark, C-, densely coralloid isidiate) [] [voucher] 

Melanelia subolivacea (on pinyon bark, C-, broad adnate smooth lobes, rugose inside, no apo or soredia/isidia) [] [voucher] 

(another specimen is severely stressed and growing funky lobules)

Melanelia tominii (on rock and Physconia detersa, shiny, thick, pitted, pustulate soredia, C+r) [] [voucher] 

Phaeophyscia hirsuta (juniper wood) [] [voucher] 

Thallus, at 30x. Thallus, at 30x. Thallus, at 10x. 

Phaeophyscia sciastra (moss) [] [voucher] 

Phaeophyscia nigricans (pinyon bark) [] 

Physcia dimidiata (pinyon bark) [] [voucher] 

Thallus, at 30x, lobe tips. Thallus, at 10x, interior. Thallus, at 10x, including edge. 

Physconia muscigena? (moss) [] [voucher] 

Physconia detersa (moss) [] [voucher] 

Rhizoplaca chrysoleuca (basalt) [] 

Rhizoplaca melanophthalma (basalt) [] 

Rinodina? (pinyon bark) [] 

Xanthomendoza fallax (pinyon bark) [] 

Xanthoparmelia chlorochroa (soil, medulla K+ yellow to blood-red (salazinic) [] 

, pale below, abundant brownish pycnidia, no apothecia soredia isidia anything, broad lobes)

Xanthoparmelia lavicola? (juniper wood, medulla K+ v weak slow yellow (psoromic??) [] 

, adnate, pale below, subglobose isidia abundant)

Xanthoparmelia lineola? (basalt, medulla K+ yellow quickly blood-red (salazinic) [] 

, flat, angular to rounded tips, pale below, emaculate, few or no lobulae, apotheciate)

Xanthoparmelia lineola? (juniper wood, medulla K+ yellow immediately blood-red (salazinic) [] [voucher] 

, loose, convex, crenulate, pale below, apotheciate)

Xanthoparmelia maricopensis? (juniper wood, medulla K+ yellow slowly red-orange, pale below, 1mm rounded lobes, closely appressed, globose isidia) [] [voucher] 

Xanthoparmelia mexicana (juniper wood, medulla K+ yellow immediately blood-red (salazinic) [] [voucher] 

, pale below, rounded lobes, barely subglobose to cylindrical abundant)

Xanthoparmelia subplittii? (juniper wood, medulla K+ yellow maybe to slightly orange (stictic) [] [voucher] 

, pale below, adnate, globose to subglobose isidia abundant)

thin-white-black-rimmed-lecideine (pinyon bark) [] 


Location 8 

Carcass Creek, about 2 miles south of Grover on Hwy 12.  Ponderosa forest and basalt.  About 8000'.  38.1695N 111.3421W (?)

Soil lichens drop out when they become covered with ponderosa needles.  Ponderosas and aspen have nothing (except Phellinus tremulae).  Rocks are rich.

Collema_tenax i
Dermatocarpon_americanum f
Phaeophyscia_nigricans f
Physcia_caesia i
Physcia_phaea i
Rhizoplaca_chrysoleuca f
Rhizoplaca_melanophthalma i
Xanthomendoza_montana i
Xanthoparmelia_chlorochroa i
Xanthoparmelia_neowyomingica i
Xanthoria_elegans f

Caloplaca (endophloeic, pinyon bark) [] 

Collema tenax? (basalt, matte black with crisped thickened margins, ear-shaped ascending lobules and globose isidia) [] [voucher] 

Dermatocarpon americanum [] 

Lecanora hagenii? (pinyon bark) [] 

Phaeophyscia nigricans (v narrow strap-shaped imbricate loose lobes, cortex K- and light to medium gray, black bel to white near edges or entirely pale, copious long simple rhizines, isidiod soredia near lobe tips, on moss over and directly on basalt) [] [voucher] 

Physcia caesia (cortex and medulla K+y, maculate, white below, loose on moss, soralia laminal) [] [voucher] 

Physcia phaea (cortex and medulla K+y, maculate, white below, loose on moss, apothecia pruinose or not) [] [voucher] 

Rhizoplaca chrysoleuca (orange-pink apothecia, pale thallus, medulla K- completely) [] [voucher] 

Rhizoplaca melanophthalma (blue-green-gray apothecia, greener thallus, medulla K+ very weak yellow) [] [voucher] 

Rhizoplaca melanophthalma? (greenish-tan apothecia, greener thallus, medulla K+ very weak yellow) [] [voucher] 

Toninia? (moss on basalt) [] [voucher] 

Xanthomendoza montana (pinyon bark) [] [voucher] 

Xanthoparmelia chlorochroa? (medulla K+ yellow slowly red (norstictic?) [] 

, flat lobulae?, pale below)

Xanthoparmelia neowyomingica (medulla K+ yellow slowly orangish (stictic?) [] 

, flat lobulae?, pale below)

Xanthoparmelia neowyomingica? (medulla K+ yellow slowly orangish (stictic?) [] 

, flat lobulae?, pale below, much narrower lobes)

Xanthoria elegans (pinyon bark) [] [voucher] 


Location 9 

Boulder Mountain, Dixie NF, Hwy 12.  Aspen and a few fir, basalt boulders.  Around 9500'.  38.0340N 111.3335W.

A few miles downhill to west from above.  Oak grove in wind-swept meadow on gentle south slope on south side of hwy.  Around 9000'.  38.0103N 111.3758W.

Oaks were particularly rich, but never got to true subalpine.  Only a few firs and nearly all aspen near summit.

Buellia_disciformis/chloroleuca f
Candelariella_antennaria i
Dermatocarpon_americanum f
Lecanora_hagenii f
Melanelia_exasperatula i
Melanelia_subolivacea f
Phaeophyscia_nigritella i
Physcia_adscendens i
Physcia_biziana f
Physcia_caesia i
Rhizoplaca_chrysoleuca f
Rhizoplaca_melanophthalma i
Xanthomendoza_montana f
Xanthoparmelia_lineola f
Xanthoparmelia_mexicana f
Xanthoria_elegans i

Asci and spores and paraphyses, in K/I, at 1000x. Spores, in K/I, at 1000x. Asci and spores and paraphyses, in K/I, at 1000x. Asci and spores and paraphyses, in K/I, at 1000x. Apo section, in water, at 400x, polarized. Apo section, in water, at 400x. Three nice ones, next to a Buellia, at 30x. Few more apothecia, along crack, at 30x. Two apothecia, side view, at 30x. Thallus?, at 10x. Four apothecia, at 30x. 

Absconditella-like [] [voucher] 

 GEN crust lichen, on dead oak branch
 THAL endocorticate or blackish-leprose
 MED no sign
 ALG green round cells
 APO minute disks, (0.15)0.19+/-0.03(0.23)mm (N=9) wide, orangish-reddish translucent, no rim, epi and hymen and hypo all faintly pinkish turning faintly yellowish in K
para v thin and a bit wavy but rarely branched and def not tangled, tips abruptly quite swollen in tear-drop or sperm shape, all hyaline and smooth, (2.2)3.4+/-0.6(4.2)um (N=17) wide at tip, (1.0)1.3+/-0.2(1.7)um (N=17) wide at base
asci long cyl, yellowish to reddish-brownish in K/I, walls and tip thin
all K/I- or faintly golden
 SPORE 8 per ascus, simple (definitely not septate), hyaline, fusiform, (8.9)10+/-1.0(13.0)x(1.8)2.1+/-0.3(2.8)um (Q=(3.8)5.0+/-0.6(6.2)) (N=22)

Buellia disciformis 

/chloroleuca

Apothecia, at 30x. 

Candelariella antennaria (apo (0.15) [] 

0.31+/-0.06(0.43)mm (N=17) wide)

Dermatocarpon americanum [] 

Lecanora hagenii [] 

Young isidia, at 30x. Mature isidia, at 30x. Old isidia, at 30x. Young isidia, at 30x. Thallus, at 30x. Close-up of globose isidia, at 30x. 

Melanelia exasperatula (C-) [] [voucher] 

Close-up of apothecia, at 30x. Beautiful one, at 10x. Smooth pale lobes, at 10x. Rugose specimen, at 30x. Very rugose one, at 30x. Wrinkly one, at 10x. Two limbs, one more exposed than the other. 

Melanelia subolivacea (C-) [] 

Phaeophyscia nigricans [] 

Young one, at 30x. 

Physcia adscendens (cor K+y and paraplect, abdundant cilia, white lower cortex eroding near tips) [] 

Physcia biziana [] 

Growing on moss, at 30x. Growing on moss, at 10x. 

Physcia caesia (cor and med K+y, strongly maculate, spreading adnate flat tips, capitate soralia, on moss) [] [voucher] 

Two beautiful specimens, underside. Two beautiful specimens, topside. 

Rhizoplaca chrysoleuca [] [voucher] 

Rhizoplaca melanophthalma [] 

Another one with lots of rhizines, at 10x, underside. Little clump, at 10x, underside. Very pale thallus, at 10x. Very pale thallus, at 30x. Bright thallus, at 30x. Bright thallus, at 10x. Pale thallus, at 30x. Pale thallus, at 10x. Lovely apothecia, at 30x. Thallus with nice pycnidia, at 30x. Young one, at 30x. Two limbs, one more exposed than the other. Limb covered with it. 

Xanthomendoza montana [] [voucher] 

Xanthoparmelia lineola (med C+y-r salazinic, pale below, v loose, no lobulae or isidia) [] 

Xanthoparmelia mexicana (med C+y-r salazinic weak, pale below, v loose, coralloid isidia) [] 

Nice clump, at 10x, underside. Nice clump, at 10x. Nice clump, at 30x. Thallus on moss, at 30x. Thallus on moss, at 10x. 

Xanthoria elegans [] [voucher] 

Conidia, in water, at 1000x. Scalp-section of exciple, in water, at 1000x. Bad cross-section of pycnidium, in water, at 1000x. Pycnidia, at 30x. 

black bark pimples [] [voucher] 

 GEN crust fungus, on dead oak branch
 THAL none? 
 APO black pycnidial structures, mostly superficial like pimples, dk brown blocky cells in 2-3 layers on surface, white inside from mass of spores
 SPORE simple, oblong, smooth, (4.4)5.7+/-0.8(7.6)x(1.4)1.9+/-0.2(2.2)um (Q=(2.2)3.0+/-0.40(3.6)) (N=24)


Location 10 

The Hogs Back, overlooking Calf Creek, near Escalante.  Pinyon-juniper forest on sandstone finger plateau.  Around 6000'.  Near 37.8441N 111.4251W.

Dead again.  Soil?

Caloplaca_trachyphylla f
Flavopunctelia_soredica f
Phaeophyscia_nigritella f
Rhizoplaca_chrysoleuca f
Rhizoplaca_melanophthalma i
Xanthomendoza_fallax f
Xanthoparmelia_maricopensis i
Xanthomendoza_montana i

Asci and spores and paraphyses, in water, at 1000x. Tons of spores, in water, at 1000x. Spores, in water, at 1000x. Thallus section, in water, at 1000x. Asci, in water, at 1000x. Apo section, in water, at 400x. Apo section, in water, at 100x, polarized. Apo section, in water, at 100x. 

Acarospora badiofusca [] [voucher] 

 GEN crust lichen, on rock (not sandstone)
 THAL subsquamulose, areoles not overlapping, shiny, deep grayish brown, convex, K-, C-
 MED whitish, K-, C-
 ALG green, in a continuous layer
 APO sunken, one or two per areole, epi brown, hymen clear
hypo clear, goes quite deep
para simple, clear, gradually enlarging upward
asci broadly clavate, walls and tip I+ very weak blue
all POL-, all K-, para (2.2)3.1+/-0.5(4.0)um wide at base and (4.0)4.8+/-0.5(5.4)um wide at tips
 SPORE many per ascus, clear, simple, round to oblong, (3.5)4.9+/-0.8(6.4)x(2.1)2.8+/-0.4(3.6)um (Q=(1.3)1.7+/-0.2(2.2)) (N=27)

Caloplaca cerina [] 

Caloplaca microphyllina 

/arizonica

Apothecia, at 30x. Thallus, at 10x. Thallus, with flash. 

Caloplaca trachyphylla [] [voucher] 

Asci and spores and paraphyses, in water, at 1000x. Apo section, in water, at 400x, polarized. Apo section, in water, at 400x. Few scattered areoles, at 30x. Apothecia and thallus, at 30x. Apothecia, at 30x. 

Candelariella antennaria [] [voucher] 

 GEN crust lichen, on pinyon bark
 THAL missing to pale grayish-yellowish
 ALG green
 APO tiny (< 0.5mm), clustered, lecanorine, yellow-orange with yellower rims, plane, orangish-pruinose, epi thick yellow-orange granules POL+ golden, hymen clear, hypo clear
para club-shaped and often branched at tips, sub-moniliform in some
paraphyses (3.4)5.0+/-1.3(7.7)um (N=14) wide at tip
 SPORE 8 per ascus (checked about 10 or so), simple, clear, ellip, (13)15+/-1.1(17)x(5.4)6.4+/-0.63(7.4)um (Q=(1.9)2.3+/-0.23(2.8)) (N=15)

Soralia, at 30x. Thallus, at 10x. Thallus, at 10x. 

Flavopunctelia soredica (med C+r) [] 

Melanelia [] 

Phaeophyscia nigricans [] [voucher] 

Thallus, at 30x. Thallus, at 10x. Thallus, underside. Thallus. 

Rhizoplaca chrysoleuca-s-l [] [voucher] 

Thallus, at 30x. Thallus, at 10x. Thallus, at 30x. Thallus, at 10x, underside. Thallus, at 10x. Thallus. 

Rhizoplaca melanophthalma-s-l [] [voucher] 

Thallus, at 30x. Apothecia, at 30x. Thallus, at 10x, underside. Thallus, at 10x. 

Rhizoplaca peltata [] [voucher] 

Rinodina [] 

Soralia, at 30x. 

Xanthomendoza fallax (soredia under flaps) [] [voucher] 

Xanthomendoza montana (many white rhizines below, fertile) [] [voucher] 

Xanthoparmelia maricopensis (med K+y/o, globose isidia becoming subcyl w dark tips and never erumpent, brown below) [] 

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