TX, Hill Country, 20070113
Mid-state near I-10, mostly lichens. 

 On oak twigs 
 On oak limbs or trunk 
 On juniper twigs 
 On rocks 
 On soil 

On oak twigs 

Flavoparmelia rutidota [] [voucher] 

 GEN foliose lichen, on oak bark
 THAL broad flat lobes, usnic-green, not v smooth, white retic maculae, shiny, black bel w many short rhiz to edge, no sored etc
 MED white, P+o
 APO many, brown, cupped

Punctelia semansiana [] [voucher] 

 GEN foliose lichen, on oak bark
 THAL broad flat lobes, steel grey, rugose esp inside, abundant warty pseudocyphellae all over even on apo rims, pale to brown below w many short rhiz, K+y
 MED white, C+r
 APO abundant, cupped, thin inrolled marg, stipitate, brown disk

Ramalina americana [] [voucher] 

 THAL flat short brs w elongate pseudocyphellae
 APO near tips

Close-up of fertile branches. 

Ramalina celastri [] [voucher] 

 THAL flat thin flex radiating brs
 APO all over surface

Nice example, on oak twig. 

Ramalina complanata [] [voucher] 

 THAL flat short brs w abundant raised white-tipped warts
 APO present

Teloschistes chrysophthalmus (depauperate specimen) [] [voucher] 

 GEN orange fruticose lichen, on oak twigs
 THAL well br'd, orange, v comp brs, abundant cilia
 APO abundant, deep orange, ciliate marg

Close-up of branches, at 30x. Close-up of apo, at 30x. Sev small clumps, on oak. Nice clump, on oak twig. 

Teloschistes exilis [] [voucher] 

 GEN orange fruticose lichen, on oak twigs
 THAL well br'd, orange, ~terete narr brs
 APO abundant, smooth rims, deep orange

Young one at twig end. 

Tillandsia usneoides (just a baby!) 


On oak limbs or trunk 

Close-up of thallus, at 30x. 

Candelaria fibrosa [] [voucher] 

 GEN foliose lichen, on oak bark
 THAL closely app, lemon yell, K-, v flat, v narr lobes to 0.5mm, tips spreading or fanning out, no sored etc, white rhiz present and visible from ab
 APO abundant, lecanorine, deep yell disk w thalline marg, crowded

Patch of apo, at 30x. Large patch of apo, at 10x. Sev beautiful specimens, wet, on dead oak limb. 

Haematomma accolens-group [] [voucher] 

 GEN crustose lichen, on oak bark
 THAL grey, rugose, K+y
 MED white
 ALG green
 APO lecanorine, rims grey and rugose, disk red-orange, adnate superficial, disk K+r, epi orange-brown & K+violet, hymen clear, rim w large square crystals (30-40um) & filled w alg, cortex v thin (5um or less)
 SPORE fusiform, 30-40x3um, clear, thin-walled, up to 8 cells, at least 4 per ascus
I can't proceed without conidia, but I can't find any pycnidia.  (The black pimples are buds of lecideine apothecia from another lichen with Physcia-type grey spores.)

Parmotrema austrosinense [] [voucher] 

 GEN foliose lichen, on oak bark
 THAL loose, smooth, pale grey, few white maculae, black bel w white splotches near marg, naked near edge bel, soredia powdery along marg, K+y
 MED white, K-, KC+r
 APO none

Large patch, on oak. 

Pertusaria "smooth warts times two" 

Large patch, on oak trunk. 

Pertusaria "white rough warted" [] 

Close-up of apo and maculae, at 30x. Close-up of apo, at 30x. Thallus and apo, at 10x. Large specimen, damp, on oak trunk. 

Physcia aipolia [] [voucher] 

 GEN foliose lichen, on oak bark
 THAL closely appress, lt grey, flat to sl concave at tips, abundant white pruina near tips, abundant conspic white maculae inside, white bel w white rhiz, K+y
 MED white, K+y
 APO abundant, black disk w abundant white pruina, rim even smooth thalline
Beautiful specimen.

Rimelia cetrata [] 

 GEN foliose lichen, on oak bark
 THAL flat smooth broad lobes, lt grey w fine network of white retic maculae on some lobes, lobules where damaged, black bel w black rhiz right to edge, some rhiz br'd, black cilia abundant, no sored etc, K+y
 MED white, K+y-r
 APO one


On juniper twigs 

Close-up of underside, at 30x.  Notice lack of cortex below. Close-up of apo and silly cilia, at 30x. Beautiful specimen, from above. Beautiful specimen, from side. Beautiful specimen, from below. 

Heterodermia echinata [] [voucher] 

Sev cool multicolor apo, at 30x. Bunch of apo, at 10x. 

Lecanora subfusca-group [] [voucher] 

 GEN crustose lichen, on juniper twig
 THAL smooth to rimose-verruculose, lt grey, corticate, indistinct marg, K+y, C-, P-
 MED white, K-, C-, P-
 ALG green
 APO lecanorine, 1mm wide, rim well-dev & thalline & smooth to gently bumpy, constricted to subpedicellate, disk mottled red-brown and greenish, epruinose, cortex uniform 12-15um
amph w alg throughout, large (10-25um) squarish crystals not insol in K
hypothec clear, hymen clear, epi brown to brownish and fading in K, para v sl thickened at tips, can't tell if epi has crystals
 SPORE 4 per ascus?!, clear, 1 cell, 8-9um long, wall rel thick (1um or so)

List of plausible Lecanora from Nash:

L. argentata epi color doesn't dissolve, cortex basally thickened
L. chlarotera apo sess, cortex basally thickened, large spores
L. hybocarpa on deciduous, apo sess, spores sl too big
L. pseudargentata on deciduous, P+o
L. pulicaris apo sess, cortex basally thickened, P+r
L. subrugosa cortex basally thickened, epi pigment not soluable, spores too big

None works for me.  I note that Nash claims all of these are ecorticate?!

Apothecial section, at 100x. Close-up of apothecia, at 30x. 

Lecidella [] 

 GEN crustose lichen, on same juniper twig as the Lecanora
 THAL v thin to immersed, corticate? (or growing through the Lecanora), K+y?, C-
 MED white, K-, C-
 ALG green
 APO lecideine (but exciple becoming less clear in age  need to check young flat ones), black, v convex, thin raised black rim, to 0.5mm, often v irreg, hymen clear, hypo lt yellish brown, epi greenish to almost bluish-blackish & I-, paraphyses tips stuck together, granules in epi, all K-
 ASC v thick dk blue tip, dk blue walls appear to be even width (2-2.5um) all the way around
 SPORE clear, 1 cell, thin or thick wall, ellip, 13-15x7-8um, 8 per ascus, v sharp focus
Wow, I can't make head nor tails of this one.  Brodo genus key fails miserably, but description of Lecidella is spot-on.  Nash keys to Lecidella as well, if you interpret the paraphyses as separating easily  I guess that's what's happening when I squash it and it breaks up so readily into chunks.  I have no chance within the genus without TLC.


On rocks 

Whole mess of fertile specimens, on rock. Small sterile one, wet, on rock. 

Xanthoria [] [voucher] 

 GEN orange fruticose lichen, on rock
 THAL v br'd, imbricate, lobes narrow and even to 0.2mm wide at most, v raised dk orange pycnidia, flat to ascend but, marg flat, soredia erupting from inside lobe tips between top and bot cortex, white bel w cortex and rel sparse to abundant white rhiz to 1mm long, K+r
 APO rare
This species simply isn't described in Brodo.

Old tattered specimen, wet, on rock. Gorgeous rosette, wet, on rock. Large patch, wet, on rock, closer. Large patch, wet, on rock. Large specimen, only damp, on rock. 

orange crust lichen 

Nice little rosette, wet, on rock. 

white rock crust with black buttons 


On soil 

Spores, at 400x. 

Collema tenax [] [voucher] 

 GEN foliose jelly lichen, on soil
 THAL appressed but marg ascending, thickened marg, black, matte, min roughened or textured (not smooth), thick, no cortex, some globular isidia in center, some small rounded lobules also present on marg
 APO none

Placidium lacinulatum [] [voucher] 

 GEN squamulose lichen, on soil
 THAL discrete round appressed but undulating scales, deep uniform brown, thick, some black dots and pits (perithecia), underside hidden
 MED brownish, hard to find
 ALG green
 APO none

Close-up of scales, at 30x.  Brown dots around edge are apothecia. Close-up of scales, at 10x.  Brown dots around edge are apothecia. 

Psora crenata [] [voucher] 

 GEN squamulose lichen, on soil
 THAL discrete round ruffled scales, to 6-7mm wide, appress but concave or almost cup-like, immediate marg curl down sharply hiding underside, pinkish brown under whitish cast, esp white near edge, cortex v thick, K-, C-, KC-
 MED pale yell, K+y-o, C-, KC-
 ALG green
 APO brown flush little dots around marg of scales, not perithecia

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