AR, Ozarks, 20060520
Dabney Creek, rough survey of everything.
Rough survey of all plants and lichens on our 240 acres. I make use of a plant list for Madison County from U Ark Herbarium, which was based on "An Atlas and Annotated Checklist of the Vascular Plants of Arkansas" by Dr. Edwin B. Smith (1988). Although, I should point out right away that it is clearly incomplete: It is missing, for example, Parthenocissus quinquefolia(!), and the twayblade Liparis liliifolia which I very positively identified. I used Brodo to key out the lichens, of course. I primarily used RA&B and Wofford, consulting Wunderlin, Petrides, and McKenny as necessary. Obviously I expect there will be plants in Arkansas not in any of my references, but I hope to be able to recognize those plants as not matching any of my sources very well.
All told I have notes on, or have at least oted the presence of:
ferns (most of them)
herbs (mostly only spring bloomers)
trees 45 (most of them)
lichens 43 (incomplete)
fungi (very incomplete!)
Trees
Acer rubrum
Acer saccharum floridanum [voucher]
Scattered; lvs only.
| | LF | | opp, 3-5 lobed, sinuses cut > 50%, sinuses rounded, lobes few-toothed, teeth rounded, 70-80x90-130+40-90mm| center lobe narrower at base | | as much as 30mm vs 55mm, as little as 31mm vs 37mm |
glab ab, sp pubesc bel w d long tuft of silky tangled hairs at base, petiole glab |
Amelanchier arborea [voucher]
Scattered esp in lowlands near water; at least one v newly in fr eg. this one, which I took from SE corner just above the creek.
| | LF | | alt, lance, acute, somewhat cord, 65-80x35-45+12-20mm, cut at base to 4mm deep, 1-2-serr, 7 teeth per cm, no teeth between basal lobes, sp vill ab and bel, d vill on petiole and along veins bel and in tufts in sinuses between teeth, becoming glabrate bel? |
| | INFL | | short racs from term axils, 7+ fls, pedicels and rachis vill |
| | HYP | | round, 4-5mm, dk w reddish tint, vill at base and top? |
| | SEP | | 5, free, att around rim of hyp, delt, 2.5-3mm long, vill |
Aralia spinosa
Asimina triloba
At pond; lvs only.
| | BARK | | peeling, papery, reddish |
| | LF | | alt, ov, acute, wedge, 5-8 pairs of lat perfectly straight veins, finely biserr, much lter bel, glabrate ab, d short pubesc bel |
Carya cordiformis
Carya glabra?
Carya ovata
Carya tomentosa?
Along county road, to east of entrance; in fr.
| | ST | | rather slender, green, long bristly |
| | LF | | alt, lance, obtuse to (gen) long acum, deeply serr except at base, 4-5 teeth per cm becoming much more coarse at tip, trunc to cord, oblique to varying degrees, 90-100x35-50+8mm, 3 veins from base, med yell green ab and bel, clear bristly ab and bel w somewhat thickened base |
| | INFL | | 1 per axil, pedicel 20mm |
| | FR | | ellip 7x6mm, black, glab |
Scattered in brushy areas; I think this came from area east of house; lvs only.
| | LF | | ov, obtuse to acute, cord, oblique, deeply serr, 2-3 teeth per cm, fairly dk ab, 3 veins from base, 40-60x25-45+4-5mm, scattered clear bristly ab with thickened base, clear gland-punctate ab, v lt bel w curly bristles along 1-3-veins esp d on midv |
Cercis canadensis canadensis
Scattered; lvs only.
| | ST | | conspic jointed, youngest parts green and dolab strig |
| | BARK | | distinctive v fine rectangular cracking pattern, brownish |
| | LF | | opp, ov, rounded acum, broad wedge, 90x55+7mm, distinctive pattern of pin veins with veins curving upward and following the margin for a while, no obvious side-veins, short appress dolab hairy both sides w a bit longer on back and even spreading on the veins, lt green ab, even lter bel |
I used Wofford to key out the following Crataegus because it covers all four species listed in the Madison County plant list.
Crataegus spathulata? [voucher]
In several places, including top of bluff overlooking side creek, although I think this one is from drainage to east of side creek 2 or 3 south of northern border; only lvs.
| | BARK | | flaking, smooth underneath |
| | LF | | spatulate, 20x20+20mm, long atten base, obtuse tip, lobulate ab mid, one cut either side of middle is typically rather deep > 50% to midv, often clustered on short spur brs, fairly shiny ab, pubesc both sides and twig and petiole, fairly major veins ending at sinuses as well as teeth |
Hey, even the bark matches! Not on The List(tm), but looks pretty good.
Crataegus crus-galli? [voucher]
In the middle of the real gentle broad slope just below the tiny cliff-line smack in the middle, below the ATV trail; in fr.
| | THORN | | 45mm, sl curved, pretty black |
| | LF | | 35x20+7mm, obov, atten base, finely serr ab mid, rounded to almost trunc tip, strig along veins ab, few hairs along marg at base, shiny dk green ab, glab and lter bel, red-black gland-tipped teeth, petiole strig to spreading hairy ab, veins ending in veins w faint side veins conv at sinuses |
| | INFL | | compound corymb, pubesc |
| | HYP | | round, 5-6mm, glab, gold stip gland bel |
| | SEP | | 4mm, delt, hairy inside, attached to little collar sitting on top of the hyp |
Not a perfect match (described in
RA&B): hairy in places it shouldn't be.
Crataegus intricata? [voucher]
On top of bluff overlooking side-creek (I think); in fl.
| | LF | | ov, trunc to sl cord, lobulate, serr, 50x40+25mm, veins ending in teeth w side-veins converging at sinuses, v sp pubesc ab, glab bel (except a few in axils at v base of midv), teeth black gland-tipped, pet w scattered giraffe-horn red-black stip glands on top, lter bel |
| | HYP | | round, reddish, glab, 5-6mm |
| | SEP | | 4mm, delt, sp gland-serr |
| | PET | | lacerate, 4-5mm, reddish-greenish |
Fraxinus pennsylvanica [voucher]
Uncommon and scattered; I think this came from SE corner near the Amelanchier arborea sample; lvs only.
| | LF | | opp, pin| lflt | | 7, ellip, coarse v shall cren ab mid, 2 teeth per cm, acute to v acum, tip min rounded, base broadly to narrowly wedge to somewhat acum, 85-90x40-50+2-4mm (hard to tell petiolule because it is somewhat atten but it is def stalked at least a little), term lflt w 15mm petiole, opp, glab ab but for puber and v sp pubesc veins, pubesc bel esp in axils of midv and along veins, petiolules d puber |
petiole 70mm, internodes 40mm |
Hamamelis virginiana [voucher]
Along creeks; this one from side-creek near Staphyleas; some old fls and frs persisting.
| | LF | | alt, irreg oblong-ellip, shall wavy toothed, v oblique, trunc to obtuse tip, broadly cuneate base, 90x70+8mm, lter bel w finely raised yellish 1-4-veins, scattered rusty stell hairs along veins esp midv esp bel esp near base also on petiole, shiny bel |
| | INFL | | tight small clust of 3 or so sess fls on short peduncles from axils, 3 tiny broadly ov bracts at base of fl |
| | SEP | | 4| free | | att around rim of hyp, 2x1.8mm, broadly ov, erect, tom |
|
| | FR | | globose, tom, spiky, ~10mm, dk brown |
On old road not far from well; lvs only.
| | BARK | | rather smooth and dotted, reminiscent of cherry |
| | BUD | | 1 broad V-shaped bundle scar in narr V-shaped leaf scar |
| | LF | | all, narr ellip to oblance, acute, attenuate base, finely cren-serr, 6 teeth per cm, glab except for min bristly under midv, midv raised a bit bel, veins pin but br'ing before reaching marg and sl curved up, 65x20+10mm |
I know,
I. longipes doesn't belong here, but it's the only one that seems to match. Only
I. decidua is mentioned in list, for whatever that's worth, but this one is def serr not just cren. Who knows.
Juniperus virginiana
Liquidambar styraciflua
Nyssa sylvatica sylvatica? [voucher]
Scattered all over; this one from access "road" at the little flat stretch where I camped; just lvs.
| | LF | | alt, ellip, acum, wedge, young lvs sometimes irreg large-toothed at end, 130x55+10mm to 100x65+10mm, med green ab, rather lter bel, short bristly all over and strig along veins esp bel, veins somewhat raised and rather dk yellish bel, entire, veins pin but not reaching margs and curving up a bit but not like dogwood at all |
All over; who knows where this specimen came from; lvs only.
| | BARK | | brown, finely broken into small rectangular pattern of cracks even when fairly young |
| | LF | | lance-oblance (widest v near middle), acum, rounded base (min cord), 2-serr (5 per cm), pin veins v straight although some have prom side-veins near ends, 120x50+5mm (larger than avg), sp pubesc all over esp veins |
Platanus occidentalis
Prunus americana lanata? [voucher]
Scattered about; these mostly from drainage to east of side creek near northern border, I think; some in fr, some in fl, some just lvs.
| | THORN | | thorn-like spur brs present on most trees |
| | LF | | ellip, rounded base, v acum, biserr, teeth divergent, glabrate ab, d soft tom bel, 70-110x35-55+12mm, v few lvs with glands at top of petiole present |
Prunus serotina
Quercus alba
Quercus falcata
Quercus marilandica [voucher]
Scattered; this one from SE slopes near southern cliff; lvs only.
| | LF | | cuneate, v shallowly 3-toothed at end, bristles present on some lvs, wedge to min rounded base, 135-160x80-120+3-4mm, somewhat d scattered stell tom ab to v d on veins, sp stell tom and d min puber bel w v d clusters of stell tom in axils and along veins, hairs lt yell to straw, pet v flat ab |
Another leaf from somewhere else:
| | LF | | broadly spat, bristly, shall lobes on either side near base, wavy far edge, hairs exactly like above, 145x120+20mm |
Quercus montana
Quercus rubra
On bluff overlooking side creek; lvs only.
| | LF | | no prickles, 5 lobes w the upper side lobes v prom making a sort of cross-like shape typically, lobes rounded, sinuses cut 40-75%, wedge base, obov in broad outline, 125-145x95-100+7-12mm, sp stell tom ab esp on veins, more stell tom bel to d on veins, also min soft puber bel, hairs lt yellish to straw, no pile of tom in axils bel |
Quercus velutina
Rhamnus caroliniana
Rhus copallina
Rhus glabra
Robinia pseudoacacia
Sambucus canadensis
Sassafras albidum
Staphylea trifolia [voucher]
Two or three along side-creek; marked on "map"; in fr, no sign of fl except for dried remnants at base of fr.
| | LF | | opp, pin| lflt | | 3, 65x35+2-3mm, ellip to obovate, v acum, wedge, serr (finer ab than bel), lter bel, sp pubesc bel |
rachis 20mm, petiole 75mm |
| | SEP | | 5, free, 7x1.5mm, lance, acute to aristate?, green, glab |
| | PET | | 5, white?, ~7mm?, hairy? |
| | FR | | obov, inflated, 30x20mm, lt green, papery, styles persist at end, sp pubesc |
Scattered all over; these samples from various places; lvs only.
| | ST | | d pubesc, brown, relatively narrow, sometimes v winged on young twigs but never all twigs on any given plant and some plants apparently without any wings |
| | LF | | alt, lance, acute, rounded base to min cord, barely oblique, biserr, 2 main teeth per cm and 8 fine teeth per cm, 35-70x20-25+1.5-2mm, midv sharply imp ab, 1-2-veins finely raised bel, much lter bel, 10-15 pairs of v straight pin veins that term at major teeth only sl curved if at all and never br'd, sp min bristly ab, d soft velvety pubesc bel esp veins, petiole v d pubesc |
Vaccinium arboreum [voucher]
On top of bluff overlooking side-creek; in full fl; this is a pressed specimen.
| | LF | | alt, obov-oblance, rounded tip, min mucronate, wedge base, entire, shiny glab ab, lter d pil bel, 30-45x18-20+2-3mm, petiole d pubesc |
| | INFL | | long open rac from term axils, pubesc |
| | SEP | | 5, joined around hyp, broad delt to acum, 0.8x2.0mm, green w scar or paler marg, glab |
| | PET | | 5, join in round bell, 3-3.5x3-3.5mm, pinkish white| lobes | | 1mm long, spreading to reflexed |
glab |
| | STAM | | 10, awned, gold-brown, hairy bel, fil ~1mm, anth ~0.8mm, awn ~1.2mm, incl |
Vaccinium stamineum? (or pallidum)
Viburnum rufidulum
Lichens
?
| | GEN | | crust lichen, on bark |
| | THAL | | lt to med grey, verruculose, patchy (in places not visible), no obvious prothallus, K+ lt yell or K-?, C- |
| | APO | | black, lecideine or biatorine, convex, to 0.5mm, dk reddish brown bel clear to yellowish hypothecium, paraphyses sticking together in K and unbr w dk green tips (rather thick) |
| | ASC | | lecanora-type in outline |
Need to find a damned spore to do anything with this.
Aspicilia cinerea
| | GEN | | crust lichen, on silica rock |
| | THAL | | smooth, lt grey, rimose-areolate, K+ yell slowly turning blood red, KC-, C- |
| | APO | | black, lecanorine, sunken so disc is flush, marg not distinguishable, algae in "margin", disk black, no pruina, to 0.5mm, 1-3 per areole, filled with tiny sharp linear crystals (from norstortic acid apparently) |
| | ASC | | oblong-club, filled with "jelly", no visible thollus or spores (all of them are immature??) |
| | PARA | | segmented into string of round colorless beads near tip |
I recognized the beaded paraphyses immediately, tried
Lobothallia but that is foliose, so tried all the other genera in that family, arriving quickly at
Aspicilia. From there it keys convincingly to
A. c.. Without spores, the main key is trickier, but if you rule out
Acarospora due to lack of mentioning the beaded paraphyses, you arrive back at
Aspicilia.
Buellia
| | GEN | | crust lichen, on bark |
| | THAL | | lt grey, finely cracked all over, obvious black prothallus outlining them in a quilted pattern, K+ lt yell, C- |
| | MED | | v thin, white, K-, C- |
| | APO | | black, lecideine or biatorine, rather flat w conspic raised black border, to 0.5mm, hypothecium mostly colorless (yellish in K) |
| | SPORE | | brown, ellip, smooth, 2 celled, 4 per ascus, not a thick septum but not v thin, thin evenly thickened walls, 12-12.5x5.5-6.0um |
| | PARA | | short w tangled sl brownish tips |
Definitely this genus, but species doesn't key out (key to
B. stillingiana but without the K+ red and with 4 sl smaller spores per ascus).
Buellia
| | GEN | | crust lichen, on bark |
| | THAL | | lt grey, finely cracked all over, obvious black prothallus outlining them in a quilted pattern, K+ yell turning maybe a bit orange here and there with time, C- |
| | MED | | v thin, white, K-, C- |
| | APO | | black, lecideine or biatorine, rather flat w conspic raised black border, to 0.5mm, hypothecium mostly colorless (yellish in K) |
| | SPORE | | ellip, brown, smooth, 2 celled, 10-11x5um, not constricted, thin walls and septum, 8 per ascus |
| | PARA | | short w tangled sl brownish tips |
Definitely
B., but doesn't turn red enough to be
B. stillingiana, and spores are too small. Looks
identical to last one, but it v def had only 4 spores per ascus.
Buellia stillingiana
| | GEN | | crust lichen, on rock |
| | THAL | | v thin, lt greenish grey, somewhat finely cracked in patches esp around apo, K+ yell turning dk reddish brown (just bark showing through?), KC-, C- |
| | APO | | black, lecideine or biatorine, superficial, sl constricted bel, to 0.7mm, v convex, no pruina, hypothecium colorless |
| | SPORE | | narr ellip, brown, smooth, 2 celled, septum thin, sl contrict between cells, 15-20x5.5-6um (most shorter) |
Keys to
B. s. and
Rhizocarpon badioatrum, but the latter lives on rock.
Caloplaca borealis?
| | GEN | | crust lichen, on bark |
| | THAL | | endo(bark)ic, greenish and whitish showing here and there, K- |
| | APO | | lecanorine, vivid orange, marg orange like disk to greyish yellow and "waxy" looking, sl rough but even marg, K+ wine red, 0.5mm wide |
| | SPORE | | colorless, ellip, 2 cell, polarilocular 13x5.5um, 8 per ascus |
Seems several species are probably just like this one, but the "waxy" greyish apothecial margin that
Brodo describes seems to apply here, so I'll go with this one.
Candelaria fibrosa
| | GEN | | foliose lichen, on bark |
| | THAL | | sl greenish yell, flat, finely br'd narr short lobes fanning out and overlapping much, 0.1-0.2mm wide, no soredia or isidia or markings, white bel w long white fine rhiz, K- |
| | APO | | many, to 0.8mm, orangish yell, sl ragged marg, lecanorine disk, flat to v sl convex, v sl dusty, lots of conspic rhiz radiating from marg |
Canoparmelia texana
| | GEN | | foliose lichen, on bark |
| | THAL | | lt grey green, softly wrinkled, w v few wh maculae, no pycnidia, K+ yell, C-, black to brown at marg bel, wrinkled but smooth bel, scattered black rhiz over most of surface but missing near some margins, no cilia, soredia gathered mostly in clumps esp in high places on upper surface |
| | MED | | white, K-, C-, KC+ faint rose-pink (see below) |
Found another sample with soredia much more obviously clumped in high places. Also did the KC test on the medulla repeatedly until I got consistent results: it slowly blushes pinkish with a little yellowish undertone wouldn't call it purple, but wouldn't call it red or pink, either. One other time I must have picked up some cortex and got an orange stain. Also you can swamp the test with too much/little of either reagent. Order, furthermore, is important.
Cladonia apodocarpa
| | GEN | | squamulose lichen, subfruticose due to squamules curling up, forming round little lumps on soil and rocks, sometimes becoming vagrant |
| | THAL | | | lobes | | 3-4x1mm, strap shaped, few-br'd, curled up when dry |
some lobules near tips, smooth sl yellowish green, smooth white to reddish brownish speckled near tips esp marg, C-, K+ yellow |
Cladonia chlorophaea
| | GEN | | fruticose lichen, on soil and moss |
| | THAL | | | sqaumules | | finely divided, greyish green, tiny, white bel, K-, C-, KC- |
| podetia | | cups, 8-12mm long, granular all over and inside, granules larger and round inside and around edge almost like the areoles of C. pixidata, fairly wide funnel shaped cups |
|
| | APO | | line of brown around rim of cups, no proliferations |
Cladonia furcata
| | GEN | | fruticose lichen, on soil and sunny mossy rocks |
| | THAL | | | squamules | | only a few left scattered on podetia, dkish grey green, smooth, flat, lobed, round, white bel, K-, C-, KC- |
| podetia | | v well evenly br'd, 1mm thick, axils perf, sl roughened dk greyish green with white patterning and some brown spots, forming a pillowy cushion, turns lter when it dries |
|
| | APO | | brown spots at ends of fine tips |
Cladonia ochrochlora
| | GEN | | fruticose lichen, on mossy decaying wood |
| | THAL | | | squamules | | flat, dk greyish green, smooth, lobed but undivided, 3-5x3-5mm, white below, K-, C-, KC- |
| podetia | | 6-12mm, tapering, unbr, mealy granular top half sometimes nearly to base, fairly cont at top, but many showing clear discreet patches near middle, roughish darker green cortex below granules, often w significant squamules up bottom third |
|
| | APO | | v tiny cups or rings at tips of podetia, brown |
Cladonia peziziformis
| | GEN | | fruticose lichen, on soil |
| | THAL | | | squamules | | v finely divided to areolate but not becoming leprose, greyish green, K- |
| podetia | | 10-15mm tall, twisted, split lengthwise, verucose (appears granular), squamules on bottom half, br'd sev times near top on most |
|
| | APO | | lt brown, much wider than stalks, smooth |
Careful not to call it "irregular cupped" or granular
both lead you far astray in
Brodo.
Dermatocarpon
| | GEN | | foliose lichen, on rock that sees run-off periodically |
| | THAL | | lt grey, looks pruinose, d covered with regular large brownish black round spots (immersed perithecia), smooth reddish brown bel w rounded vein-like ridges, lots of smallish overlapping lobes, no visible points of attachment so must be umbilicate |
| | MED | | brownish white, thick |
I don't trust
Brodo on this genus anymore.
Fuscidea?
| | GEN | | crust lichen, on bark |
| | THAL | | lt grey-green, verruculose, covered w small sunken black dots, K+ yell |
| | APO | | black, lecideine or biatorine, to 1mm, v convex, scattered |
| | ASC | | thin thollus w notch inside |
| | SPORE | | colorless, textured, ellip, 8 per ascus, 1 cell, 13-15x6-7.5um |
| | PARA | | unbr, brown tips, a few beaded things(?) and some long brown cigars but mostly well-connected network of pretty straight narrow smooth hairs |
Brodo keys to this genus no matter what I do, but it doesn't cover the species well. Need stain to tell if the one ascus I see has the layered effect it talks about in order to verify genus for certain.
Graphis scripta
| | GEN | | crust lichen, on bark |
| | THAL | | smooth, thin, grey w greenish tones or showing bark through someplaces, cracked mostly parallel to lirellae, K- |
| | APO | | lirellae, raised, long and sometimes br'd onces, ends sharp, black, carbonized conspic uniform walls, thal cracked significantly right next to walls as if the lirellae rose up after everything had solidified, 0.5-2x0.1mm avg |
| | ASC | | long club-shaped, thick thollus |
| | SPORE | | ellip to cyl, colorless, smooth, 7-10-celled in a row, locules v small dots, 8 per ascus, 25-37x5-6.5um (v hard to see) |
| | PARA | | long and narrow, curved at tip, unbr, tips abruptly thickened and rounded |
Heterodermia?
| | GEN | | foliose lichen, on moss (or mossy rock?) |
| | THAL | | loosely att (but mostly prostrate), long narr flat lobes, lt grey-green, darkened tips and marg, shiny smooth, no white spots or patterning (pure solid color), not pruinose at all, all black bel, v short rhiz in patches in the center but naked for large areas near lobe tips (except some lobes have short unattached brown rhiz all over), K+ yell, KC+ yell?, C- |
| | MED | | white, C-, K+ yell turning deep dk brownish red fairly quickly |
| | APO | | few, lecanorine cups, deep brown, smooth shiny, not pruinose |
Does not key out no matter how I try.
H. seems to be the closest genus: most others like,
Physcia for example, fail on one or more counts.
Lecanora argopholis-like
| | GEN | | crust lichen, on rock |
| | THAL | | lt and med grey, v rimose, rough, K+ faint yell, C- |
| | MED | | white, not thin, K+ faint yell, C- |
| | APO | | lots, lecanorine disc, flush to superficial, to 0.8mm, marg whitish rough thick and sl raised to flush with disk, flat, disk dull dk reddish greyish brown, hymenium colorless, aphithecium with a few large crystals? |
| | ASC | | thick thollus rounded inside |
| | SPORE | | ellip, colorless, 1 cell, stuff inside, 8 per ascus, smooth, 10-12x5.5-7.5um |
| | PARA | | thinnish, unbr, sl wavy, some sl thickened at tip, colorless, separating in K |
Species doesn't seem to be in
Brodo: keys to
L. argopholis, but it doesn't belong here, thallus is not areolate at all, and amphithecium isn't supposed to have any large crystals. (But chemically correct, etc.)
Lecanora caesiorubella
| | GEN | | crust lichen, on bark |
| | THAL | | thin, lt grey but showing bark through in many places, v finely cracked in a network where thick enough to do so, v min rough but not pruinose, K+ yellish or orangish turning red slowly, C-, KC+ yellish |
| | APO | | lecanorine disks, flat to sl convex, scattered but some touching and contorting, heavily white pruinose, pale yellish pinkish bel pruina, marg thick and even and white (not pruinose), raised and somewhat constricted, rim K+ yell turning slowly red, disc K+ brownish orange and KC+ yell but C-, fairly large, to 3mm wide |
| | ASC | | thick thollus flat inside (bascidia-type?) |
| | SPORE | | colorless, ellip, 10-11x5.5-6.5um, faintly textured but I don't think it is muriform, 8 per ascus |
| | PARA | | v thin and unbr, unthicked at end, colorless |
Can't figure the subspecies, and I'm not good enough to determine that the amphithecial are lacking cortex (though they are very dull so it is entirely plausible), but the pictures and the rest of the description match well enough (including the critical passing mention of amphithecium turning yell then red in some cases).
Lecanora strobilina
| | GEN | | crust lichen, on bark |
| | THAL | | v thin, lt green-grey, min rough, min cracked, black prothallus outline (might be from neighboring lichens), K-, C-, KC- (could be KC+ yell but faint) |
| | MED | | whitish, v thin, K-, C-, KC- |
| | APO | | lecanorine discs, lt yellowish greenish to outright green at edges, ragged lt grey marg (could be described finely granular but doubtfully sorediate), flat, adnate, raised, fairly dense but not too contorted, to 0.8mm wide, no pruina, entire disk colorless under scope |
| | ASC | | lecanora-like (thick thollus w conspic rounded dent inside) |
| | SPORE | | ellip-oblong, rounded ends, colorless, 1 cell, smooth, mottled inside, 11-15x3-3.5um, 8 per ascus |
| | PARA | | unbr, wavy, clear, tips no different |
Loxospora pustulata
| | GEN | | crust lichen, on bark |
| | THAL | | lt sl greenish grey, v verruculose to isidiate, isidia v bumpy and thick and cyl-wart-like, isidia hollow, no prothallus, sorta dull almost powdery, K+ yellow turning orange-brown, C- |
The "isidia" are just schizidia
whatever. I was very confused because it had overtaken what looks like a
Buellia and hadn't fully covered all of the black apothecia that it had engulfed, making them look like
lecanorine black warty-rimmed apothecia for
this lichen!... only I couldn't find a spore to save my life... because they were "dead". Later I looked more carefully and they extended through to the substrate and had clear biatorine black margin inside
much like the poor lichen it was overtaking.
Ochrolechia trochophora?
| | GEN | | crust lichen, on rock or other lichens?, aggressively overgrowing everything on these rocks |
| | THAL | | v cauliflowered, lt grey, K-, C+ pink, KC+ red, no soredia or isidia, smooth (ie not granular or dusty or whatever) |
| | MED | | white, K-, C-(some pink in "veins" presumably from cortex intrusions or something), KC- |
| | APO | | lecanorine discs, contorted, pink, white pruinose, v thick gnurbly but smooth raised marg, to 1.5mm, disc K+ yell, marg cortex C+ pink, disk epihymenium C+ deep red, algae layer extends patchily beneath disc |
| | SPORE | | huge, colorless, round but irreg, 50-60x25-35um, smooth, stuff inside, 2.5um or so thick walls, 8 per ascus |
| | PARA | | narrow, colorless, some br'd, some tips knobbed |
Chemically identical to
O. trochophora, but this is pruinose, grows on rocks (and other lichens), and doesn't belong in the Ozarks.
O. mexicana belongs there but has medulla C+ pink;
O. africana also belongs there but has medulla C+ pink and cortex C-.
Parmotrema chinense
| | GEN | | foliose lichen, on mossy rock? |
| | THAL | | closely att, ruffled, lt grey w some white markings here and there, shiny smooth, thin and difficult to remove in one piece, few black longish cilia, almost entirely black bel (sl brown near edges), scattered black rhiz over most of bot surface w a few patches naked, K+ yell, C-, piles of soredia scattered on some lobe tips and/or sides |
| | MED | | white, K+ bright yell, C- |
The cilia are mostly broken off, so I didn't notice them for a long time; even now I feel some doubt. However, without cilia it keys to
P. dilatatum which doesn't belong in the Ozarks. Be careful to note the rare naked patches below, else
Brodo keys out totally wrong.
Parmotrema hypotropum
| | GEN | | foliose lichen, on bark |
| | THAL | | loosely attached, frilly and curled up, surface smooth and shiny w some wh markings, lt grey green (frequently turning orange and red as it dies or ages or because of some parasite?), shiny wrinkled white bel (black center hidden by bark), short black rhiz, conspic long wavy black ciliate, soredia along marg of lobe tips, lobes wide and scalloped, K+ yell, C- |
| | MED | | white, K+ vivid yell turning bright red rather quickly, C- |
Since my samples from
20060128 are much better and I'm so positive of this ID, I'm not going to bother to keep a sample of this one.
Parmotrema michauxianum
| | GEN | | foliose lichen, on bark |
| | THAL | | somewhat loosely att, ruffled, sl greenish lt grey, no white markings, lots of black immersed pycnidia esp near lobe tips, no isidia or soredia, some lobules around edge of lobes, 2 or 3 black cilia (presumably others have broken off?), black almost entirely bel, black short unbr rhiz in the center and on some lobes leaving large naked areas bel, K+ yell, C- |
| | MED | | white, K- (turning yell v slowly presumably from cortex leaching through), C-, KC+ pink (turning orange v slowly presumably from cortex K+ yell leaching through) |
| | APO | | lots, small to v large, open lecanorine cups, red brown, not perf, smooth shiny |
Peltigera
| | GEN | | foliose lichen, on rock that is frquently wet from run-off |
| | THAL | | upturned and ruffled, grey to brown (dry), from dull smooth to uniformly finely wh tom, white w brown to black raised network of veins bel, no cortex bel, rhiz mostly separate but some packed closely enough for bases to touch, rhiz mostly not fuzzy but rather smooth fibrous body with fanning out "brush" at end |
| | APO | | black to rufous brown saddle-like things on erect finger-like lobes |
P. rufescens seems the most promising in the
Brodo key, but I'm not fully convinced (it looks totally different from the specimen I have from AZ from
20060410, although I'm not too positive about it, either). There seems almost enough variation here that I might have two species. How useful is the color of the apothecia? Is the black one different from the red ones?
P. r. is supposed to have red-brown apo, but it is densely tom, and the ones I have with brown apo are the less tom ones! I'm fairly positive these do not have any lobules
this is critical, else they all end up
P. praetextata like the one above (which I'm positive of).
Peltigera praetextata
| | GEN | | foliose lichen, on rock that is frequently wet from run-off, has liverworts growing on it! |
| | THAL | | fairly broad and somewhat concave with sharply curled up margins becoming sorta crisped, dk dull brownish sl greenish grey when dry, thinly wh-grey tom near tips ab, smooth otherwise ab, white w network of brown sl raised veins, tom and excorticate bel, tufted completely separate squarrose white to brownish to blackish rhiz bel, rhiz fairly long and often visible from ab because of curled-back marg |
| | ALG | | dk green (apparently blue-green) |
Pertusaria plittiana?
| | GEN | | crust lichen, on silica rock |
| | THAL | | lt grey, rimose, dull, v sl verruculose, K+ gold turning deep red, KC- (fades from K+ red through orange and gold to clear), C- |
| | APO | | peri-like apo inside warts, slanted walls, many per wart, ostioles tiny black pits |
| | SPORE | | colorless, ellip, fuzzy layer outside well-defined clear 5-6um thick layer, 1 cell, 135-150x50-60um, smooth inside, locules barely squared at end, 1 per ascus (don't see any multi-spore asci developing), inside finely textured |
Brodo claims the medulla should be K+ red, not the cortex, but I have verified it in cross-sections: it is the cortex turning red not the medulla.
Pertusaria tetrathalamia?
| | GEN | | crust lichen, on bark |
| | THAL | | med grey, smooth, shiny, verrululose, finely shallowly cracked, spotted w white maculae, K-, C-, KC- |
| | MED | | white, thin, K-, C-, KC- |
| | APO | | perithecium-like apothecia immersed 1-10 in a wart, raised and constricted bel, flat ab, same color as thallus, shiny, ostiole white and powdery and tiny, apo clear greyish to almost pinkish, warts to 1.8mm |
| | ASC | | long oblong, thollus thick w deep lecanora-type indentation inside, clearly visible at 30x |
| | SPORE | | colorless, smooth, 1 cell, ellip, huge, 75-125x30-45um, walls 5.5-7.5um thick, 4 per ascus in 1 row, locule squared off at ends w wall twice as thick there, transversely rugose inside, very beautiful |
| | PARA | | very slender and long, tangled, can't tell if they're br'd, not thickened, colorless |
Matches
P. tetrathalamia well except for the conspic constricted warts.
Pertusaria texana
| | GEN | | crust lichen, on bark |
| | THAL | | greyish yell-green, v verruculose, somewhat mottled, no prothallus, shiny, K-, KC+ gold, C- |
| | APO | | peri-like apo buried in verrucose warts, ostiole yellish orangish, apo pinkish orangish inside, 1-3 per wart, warts to 1.5mm, constrict below, ostiole C+ orange |
| | SPORE | | 8 per ascus I think (certainly more than 4), possibly in 1 row, colorless, ellip, smooth, 1 cell, smooth inside, thick wall, locule w squared ends inside, 50-65x25-30um, walls 3um thick |
Apparently medulla is generally K+ yell, but this one is definitely not.
Physcia americana
| | GEN | | foliose lichen, on bark |
| | THAL | | finely overlapping long narrow flat lobes, uniform lt grey, no pruina, no markings, no isidia, no cilia, lobes 0.5-1.0mm wide, white to lt tan bel w short white rhiz covering it densely, soredia in clumps on and around the apothecia, K+ yell, C- |
| | APO | | lecanorine disks, to 1.5mm wide, brown but heavily white pruinose, flat, marg smooth and not to sl raised, most marg are sorediate, some are buried under soredia |
Physcia stellaris
| | GEN | | foliose lichen, on bark |
| | THAL | | pretty unifrom grey, dker in the center, flat radiating lobes 1-2mm wide, 1 or 2 white marks on lobes maybe, center wrinkled up, dk brown to black bel, short dk rhiz completely covering lower surface, no cilia, no isidia or soredia, fairly shiny (no pruina), K+ yell, C- |
| | APO | | lots, tiny, v constrict bel, lecanorine cup, brown, no pruina, thick smooth v raised marg |
| | SPORE | | mass of small brown 4x3mm ovals, found one 2-celled brown spore with angular locules that was 15x10um or so |
The dark underside really messes up the
Brodo key. It was a big mistake trying to find a spore: even crushing an
entire apothecia on a slide I never found anything resembling an ascus. Who knows what those brown things were?
| | GEN | | foliose lichen, on bark |
| | THAL | | mottled grey and white, wrinkled up in the center, lobe tips flat, not pruinose, lobes 1-2mm wide, lt brown bel w lt rhiz, closely att over whole surface, no cilia, no isidia, no soredia, un-spotted areas (just a few tips) shiny, K+ yell |
| | APO | | lots, tiny to 3mm, flat disks, marg smooth to somewhat toothed, not v thick, white pruina on most, black underneath pruina |
| | SPORE | | 15-17.5x7.5-8um, brown, 2-celled, small triangular to pentagonal locules, 8 per ascus, ellip, smooth, greenish when immature |
Okay, this one is clearly
P. s..
Punctelia semansiana
| | GEN | | foliose lichen, on bark |
| | THAL | | v closely att except 1-2mm at few lobe tips, grey, conspic wrinkled and white spotted (pseudocyphellae not maculae), no soredia or isidia, no cilia, brown bel (rather light def not black), covered with short rhiz over entire surface, lobes rather small but so overlapping and closely appressed that it looks like large lobes, K+ yell, C- |
| | MED | | white K-, KC+ red turning orange (?!), C+ pink to red |
| | APO | | many, brown-olive lecanorine cups, marg curled up almost closing off the opening, fairly large |
Punctelia rudecta
| | GEN | | foliose lichen, on rock?? (no substrate with sample which generally means I couldn't get it to come up with sample meaning it was probably rock) |
| | THAL | | med grey-green, closely appressed, contorted, conspic white dotted w pseudocyphellae which appear to turn into elaborately br'd isidia, old parts covered in shrubby isidia, no cilia, no soredia, no pycnidia, K- (or faint yell), KC- (same), C-, white bel w lots of short white rhiz to edge |
| | MED | | white, K-, C+ vivid pink-red fading a bit, KC+ immediate vivid red turning orange to yell fairly soon |
Ramalina complanata
| | GEN | | fruticose lichen, on dead branches |
| | THAL | | corticate on both surfaces, flat throughout, no perforations, strap-shaped, overall about 20mm wide bushy thing, lt greyish green, K-, C-, KC-, long ridged all over top surface w whitish bumps and striations, white and green speckled bel, lobes 1.5-2.5mm wide |
| | APO | | cups in middle of lobes, green, sl whitish powdery, not abundant and often difficult to see yet fairly large, to 2mm wide |
Keys clearly to
R. c., but the picture in
Brodo looks rather different, and this is too far north for it. It is rather uncommon here
I only found 3-4 specimens in the 4 days I spent walking all over hill and dale.
Rimelia reticulata
| | GEN | | foliose lichen, on bark |
| | THAL | | loosely att, flat w sharply turned up marg making it look sorta cup-like, grey, v fine wh retic maculae, no pycnidia or isidia, soralia conspic lt pillow-like at lobe tips, black to sl brown at v marg bel, almost completely covered w short unbr black rhiz and black cilia except for some small naked brown zones right at marg, K+ yell (turning rust from medulla K+ leaching through), C- |
| | MED | | white, K+ bright yell turning dk blood red, C- |
The K+ test seems a little off, but genus is clear and there aren't any other (known) species not covered in
Brodo, so this has got to be it, I guess. (See similar troubles on
20060128.)
Rinodina?
| | GEN | | crust lichen, on silica rock |
| | THAL | | smooth, lt grey, deeply finely cracked making it areolate, K+ yell, KC+ yell, C- |
| | MED | | white, thin, K+ deep yell turning red-orange slowly, C- |
| | APO | | lecanorine disc, scattered, 1-2 per areole, sometimes hard to see marg, sunken to flush, flat to convex, marg thin even and v sl raised, disc shiny black, to 0.4-0.5mm |
| | ASC | | thick thollus indented inside? hard to see |
| | SPORE | | brown, ellip, smooth, 2-cell, thin even walls, 15-18x7-8um, 8 per ascus in one row |
| | PARA | | colorless, thick branched segmented? hard to see |
Genus keys clearly, although I don't see the unevenly thickened spore walls (except maybe the rhombic shape of the spores indicates somewhat angular locules?). But
Brodo doesn't even cover 10% of the species(!)
Porpidia albocaerulescens?
| | GEN | | crust lichen, on iron-rich rock |
| | THAL | | lt grey, smooth to finely cracked, black or white conspic prothallus (I forget which and not present on my sample), K+ faint slow yell, KC-, C- |
| | MED | | white, thick, K-, C-, KC- |
| | APO | | well spaced but lots, lecideine disks? (no alg in marg but marg v conspic blacker than hymenium etc), prom raised black smooth even marg, disk black but heavily white pruinose, flat to sl concave, to 1mm, very handsome |
| | ASC | | club-shaped, v thick thollus and walls top half, rounded inside |
| | SPORE | | colorless, minute (< 1um), many per ascus |
| | PARA | | clear, v thin, some might be br'd, tangled lt brown tips not separating in K |
Genus seems pretty good match, but species is definitely not covered in
Brodo. (IDed very similar one
Porpidia albocaerulescens properly in CabinCove later.)
Teloschistes chrysopthalmus
| | GEN | | fruticose lichen, on twig |
| | THAL | | contorted flattened "muscular" brs, greenish yell to orange yell to almost greyish in places, no soredia or isidia or dots, some long orange unbr fibrils here and there esp around rim of apothecia, K+ wine red, seems to be same on both sides of brs? |
| | APO | | bright orange, to 1.5mm, lecanorine discs, some rather contorted, finely orange pruinose maybe, marg looks downright dingy yellow next to vivid discs |
Exciting.
Usnea amblyoclada
| | GEN | | fruticose lichen, on rock |
| | THAL | | usnea, dk greyish green, bone-articulated, covered w tons of tiny soralia, also narr long isidia present dense in some areas, also some long fibrils, tightly bushily br'd |
Keys easily and confidently, yet it's supposed to have medulla K+ yellow turning red. I
may be able to convince myself of a v sl yellow haze that disappears (replaced by the original bleeding of pink from the axis into the white medulla, which could conceivably be the red they're talking about). It would be a better test if I could isolate a bit of medulla, but the damned cortex is so tough that it won't separate.
Usnea strigosa
| | GEN | | fruticose lichen, on dead twigs |
| | THAL | | usnea, lt grey green, d bristly w long smooth fibrils, also d pap, no isidia or soredia |
| | MED | | white on outside to pink inside, K+ bright yellow, v def not black at foot (sorta lt brownish) |
| | APO | | large cups, yellowish, white to yellow pruinose |
Apparently this chemical race is uncommon
generally it is K- or K+ red. Also abundant papillae are uncommon. I suppose that makes this very common lichen passably interesting.
Vulpicida viridis
| | GEN | | foliose lichen, on wood? |
| | THAL | | v loosely attached almost bushy, sl concave frilly overlapping lobes, dk vivid green blackened in old parts and lter at tips, distinctly yellowish, white to yellow bel, smooth with network of vein-like wrinkles bel, v few rhiz bel (my sample almost appearing umbilicate), K-, C-, KC+ yellow, v d covered w v prominant large round shiny black pycnidia (if it weren't for the one apothecia present I was going to say these were perithecia!) |
| | APO | | rich deep brown raised cups, marg lobulate or toothed |
Xanthoria fulva
| | GEN | | foliose lichen, on bark |
| | THAL | | yell-orange, v fine narrow long-br'ing lobes, v loosely att to almost ascending, lobes 0.2mm wide, flat, white bel, few white rhiz, yell-green granular soredia borne under lobe tips, K+ wine red, orange pimples scattered (pycnidia) |
Non-Lichenous Fungi:
Auricularia auricula
| | GEN | | crowded semi-translucent ear-like discs on wood, blackish to reddish brown, tan-brown d short hairy outside, smooth inside, tough and flexible, no stalk, some tight sharp netted wrinkles/folds mostly outside near attachment, att in center, largest 10-20mm, edges turned up a bit, could open downward (the limb had fallen on the ground so orientation was uncertain) |
Daldinia
| | GEN | | on dead wood, crust fungus |
| | CAP | | little black carbonized mounds, embedded perithecia visible at magnification as shiny blacker dot in sl raised tiny warts, inside of relatively large cavities inside perithecia v shiny black |
I'm not going to venture a guess as to species.
Gloeophyllum saepiarium?
| | GEN | | on dead wood, shelf fungus |
| | CAP | | flat, semicircular, 40mm or so wide, flesh 3mm thick in the center thinning to nothing at the edges, hard and dry, pretty smooth ab, many even zones ranging from lt buff at the attachment to golden brown to almost black at the very edge, K+ v dk brown |
| | PORE | | elongate and rounded, walls fairly thin, 2 per mm, surface "varnished" black but most of pore walls is yellowish tan, 5mm long in center to nothing at edge |
Only thing that doesn't match in
Arora's description is this species is supposed to grow on conifers. (But you might have noticed there aren't very many of those in the Ozarks!) Other
G. Arora mentions do not have the zoned cap. Quite possibly should be another related species that
Arora just doesn't describe.
Hericium erinaceus
On a dead log spanning Dabney Creek.
| | GEN | | on wood, shelf fungus, pleasant smell |
| | GILL | | shaggy mane of white long pendant sometimes br'd teeth, soft and flexible but dry |
Lycoperdon perlatum
Phellinus gilvus?
| | GEN | | on dead wood, shelf fungus |
| | CAP | | hard and dry, fuzzy all over, rounded edge, convex top, relatively small (may just be my specimen), tan, not zoned |
| | FLESH | | vivid ochre, fuzzy, K+ black, v thick (to 10mm maybe more?) |
| | PORE | | 10 per mm, fuzzy, v short |
Species is uncertain, but I feel confident of genus.
Polyporus mori
| | GEN | | on dead hardwood, shelf fungus |
| | CAP | | shelf, att at one point, 40mm wide or so, thin, flat, lt buff to white, smooth |
| | PORE | | v big (to 2mm wide), walls v thin and angular, white to creamy |
Poronidulus conchifer
| | GEN | | on dead hardwood, cup fungus |
| | CAP | | cup, opening up, att in the center bel, smooth white, sharply zoned with all zones white but with dk sharp lines between, around 5-6mm wide |
| | PORE | | underneath cup, 0.5mm wide, walls thin and angular, whitish, sorta ragged making it look just hairy, zoned with sharp wrinkles or edges between each year's growth |
Scutellinia scutellata
Xylobolus frustulatus
| | GEN | | on dead hardwood, crust fungus |
| | CAP | | v hard and brittle, breaking into small (1-4mm) polygonal "tiles", 1.5-2mm thick, top surface convex and smooth, lt tan to buff ab, black cracks and flesh, no apparent dots or other markings one would associtate with fruiting structures |
Apparently top surface is fertile.
Ferns
Adiantum pedatum
Asplenium platyneuron [voucher]
Fairly common on slopes.
| | GEN | | tall, straight, erect (fert lvs at least) |
| | LF | | v long rhombic, 1-pin, 250x27mm, pinnae 15x4mm, serr, subacute, prom acroscopic aur and sl basicopic aur, all veins forked on fert pinnae |
| | SOR | | row on either side of pinnae, 1.5x0.2mm |
| | IND | | whitish, sl erose, on 1 side of vein |
Asplenium trichomanes
Fairly uncommon, but easily overlooked.
Athyrium filix-femina asplenioides [voucher]
Scattered about.
| | GEN | | fairly delicate looking |
| | ST | | mostly naked, grooved, sl > 1mm wide, dk reddish brown most of the way up, turning straw-green at top as it turns into rachis |
| | LF | | 3-pin, 2-pinnae asplenium-shaped (lance acute wedge) |
| | SOR | | dorsal, appear naked and v curled up but must have ind underneath |
Botrychium dissectum obliquum
Botrychium virginianum [voucher]
Scattered about in woods.
| | LF | | fertile lf att ab ground at base of sterile lf, 3-pin-pinfid |
Dryopteris marginalis [voucher]
Scattered about.
| | ST | | 150mm, v d covered w scales esp bel| scales | | 10x3mm, lance, tan to dker brown near base in center, entire |
|
| | LF | | 350x200mm, 2-pin to 2-pin-pinfid, trunc, acute to acum, glab| pinnae | | long acum, trunc, 120x30mm |
| segs | | shall to deeply pin toothed or lobed, obtuse, widely att to constricted at base, 17x6mm |
|
| | SOR | | 1 row on either sidem of segs, near edge, horseshoe ind, 0.4mm round |
Cheilanthes lanosa [voucher]
Along the short cliff line near the southern edge overlooking Dabney Creek.
| | ST | | brown, kinky jointed lt hairs |
| | LF | | 2-pin-pinfid, 200x20mm, segs rounded, not v rolled under and not bead-like, hairy ab and v hairy bel, lower pinnae spaced 10mm apart, lower pinnae 20x10mm lance-delt |
| | SOR | | cont along marg, no ind |
Polypodium polypodioides michauxianum [voucher]
On a boulder in the side creek gorge.
| | GEN | | small withered fern covering a rock |
| | ST | | 50+mm, black, scattered w scales |
| | LF | | lance, trunc base, tip obtuse, pinfid, 50x30mm, segs strap w rounded tips, base of pinnae abruptly decur and barely joining, segs 15x3mm, segs roll up when dry, lter bel, scattered scales ab along rachis, d scattering of scales all over bel| scales | | round to lance, peltate, white scar w brown spot in lower center where they attach |
|
Polystichum acrostichoides [voucher]
All over; this one sterile.
| | ST | | v d covered w rusty scales |
| | LF | | evergreen, 1-pin, pinnae serrate and att on basal side w large acroscopic auricle, fert fronds partially dimorphic w greatly restricted pinnae above completely covered w sori, veins free, spinulose |
Pteridium aquilinum
On cliff near southern edge overlooking Dabney Creek.
| | ST | | straw-green, brown lance scales scattered |
| | LF | | 2-pin-pinfid, rhombic, long acute, long wedge, grooved, straw-green rachis, v sp clear gland puber w a few articulate clear wavy-kinky hairs |
| | IND | | thin, clear, splitting ab, protruding from bel sorus, v short cilia |
Apparently
W. scopulina is much more glandular and hairy than this; this one is considered
W. obtusa (going by plant list, which seems remarkably complete for ferns).
Flowers
Asclepias quadrifolia? [voucher]
Scattered infrequently in dark woods; in fl.
| | LF | | opp, oblong-lance, acum, 60x25+10mm, glab |
| | INFL | | umbels from axils near tip, 12+ fls, pedicel ~15mm, peduncle ~25mm, fls ~7x6mm |
| | PET | | whitish-lilac, v reflex, 4mm |
Don't have record of lvs at mid-stem, so can't be sure.
Cardamine concatenata [voucher]
In fr; don't remember where.
| | LF | | alt, palmfid| lflt | | 3-5, 25x6mm, deeply serr, v sp pubesc ab, d pubesc bel |
|
| | INFL | | d pubesc, short rac| pedicel | | to 15mm in fr, spread 45deg |
frs spread 45deg |
| | FR | | 35x1.5mm, long narr ellip, 1 row per chamb, dehisc, puber |
Chaerophyllum tainturieri [voucher]
Scattered among weeds of shady woods; in fr.
| | LF | | 2-pin-pinfidsp hispid, 45x50+3mm, petiole broad but "sheath" not joining on other side of st, "sheath" cil and long hairy auricled |
| | INFL | | 6-fl'd simple umbels, peduncles to 60mm, glab?, bracts tiny lf-like, pedicel 0-5mm |
| | FR | | 6.5x0.8mm, v sl comp perp septum (halves terete), halves 5 ribbed, carpophore bifid 2mm at top, stylopod 0.3-0.4mm acum pyramidal jointed things, glab |
Scattered in woods; starting to fl.
All over the clearing at the deer-feeder; scattered in fl and fr.
| | GEN | | herb, low, probably ann (delicate and no sign of dead lvs) |
| | LF | | opp, 30x7+0mm, clasp, no stips, min clear gland-puber both sides |
| | INFL | | 1 in axils, pedicel 30mm, gland-puber, 2 bracts at base of each fl| bracts | | 3-3.5mm, 0.8mm, gland-puber |
|
| | SEP | | 5, join at base, 4x0.9mm, lance, appress to sl spread, green, gland-puber |
| | PET | | 5, join, white, bilat, tube 10x2mm, limb 5-6mm, lobes 2x2mm delt, v d curly hairy inside on bottom towards mouth, less d hairy elsewhere inside |
| | STAM | | 2, joined to corolla halfway, fil 1.5mm, anth white, incl |
| | OV | | 1, sup, ov, glab, 3x1.5mm, many ovules |
| | STYLE | | 4mm, sl > stam, simple, incl |
Arg, miscounted the sepals and petals! Keys much better with 5 instead of 4...
Scattered in open woods; in full fl, few reached fr while I was there.
| | GEN | | herb, ann? (few tiny roots and no long-dead lvs), erect |
| | LF | | | basal | | spat, coarsely dist shall wavy tooth, 80x30+70mm, sev |
| caul | | 1 or 2, alt, much reduced, 50x20mm, oblong-oblance, v weekly wavy toothed |
glab, lter bel (but doesn't pass scratch test to be called glauc presumably because it is dried?) |
| | INFL | | 3 in clust at top, peduncle to 90mm, glab, upper lf-like bract strongly clasping |
| | PHYL | | 2 eq rows, glab, 6.5x1.9mm, lance, narr scar marg, v min tom-cil at tip, erect |
| | RAY | | vivid yell-orange, 10x3.5mm, strap, 5 toothed, spread 60-70deg, many |
| | FR | | 2mm, brown, shiny, no beak, sl tapered or rounded at tip, 16-18 ribs |
| | PAP | | double, cap bristles and low scales| bristles | | 5mm, whitish, ant scab, 25 or so |
| scales | | 0.3mm, scar, broad |
|
Monarda fistulosa? [voucher]
One by stream just off our propery; in full fl. Striking plant.
| | LF | | opp, narr lance, long acute, round base, dist serr, gland punctate, d cil and sp cil along veins bel and sp short bristly ab, much lter bel |
| | INFL | | 1 verticel at top, sev sess fls |
| | PET | | bilat, white w purp spots, 20-25mm long, upper lip narr and straight, lower lip reflex downward, puber, tips of upper lip pubesc |
Doesn't match well, and I don't have any info on the
M. bradburiana or
M. russeliana that the UArk list mentions.
Shady woods; in full fl.
| | LF | | opp, 30x10+0mm, acute-acum, d hirsute to vill, internodes long |
| | INFL | | clust of sev at top, pedicel 6mm, d gold gland-br |
| | SEP | | 5, join, 9mm, tube 3mm, lobes 6x0.8mm subulate, erect, joined bel by scar marg |
| | PET | | 5, join, limb 20mm wide, tube 13x1.5mm, vivid striking periwinkle-blue, 11x6.5mm, obov, acum, spread 90deg |
| | STAM | | 5, att at different levels, anth bright yell |
| | OV | | 1, sup, 1mm, ellip, dk green, shiny |
Potentilla simplex
Along road; in fl.
| | GEN | | herb, decumb, all long sericeous |
| | LF | | alt, palm| lflt | | 5, wedge-obov, deeply toothed above 30% |
stips present |
| | INFL | | 1 in axils, pedicel long (30mm+), none in first leaf axil |
| | SEP | | 5 w 5 bractlets alt w them, all acute, 3mm long |
| | PET | | bright yell, 5, free, notched, 3.5x3mm |
Psoralea psoralioides eglandulosa [voucher]
Scattered in sunny spots in open forest; not too many; starting to fl.
| | GEN | | tall, herb, erect, all hispid |
| | LF | | pin| lflt | | 3, lance, 70x12+1.2mm, acute to abruptly min rounded, apic, entire |
rachis 10mm, petiole 4mm |
| | INFL | | d rac, peduncle 130mm or more, pedicels < 1mm in fl, might open up later, 1 scale-like bract per fl at base of pedicel |
| | SEP | | 3.5mm, lobes > tube, lobes acum |
| | PET | | 6mm, blue drying brownish, sepwing 4x1.5mm |
RA&B says the fl bracts are 5-10mm long(!), but I've tried every other way to key it (without a fruit), and it is definitely not a
Lespedeza or
Glycine(!), and nothing else passes the key remotely.
Rubus allegheniensis [voucher]
Along road at least; in full fl.
| | LF | | | lflt | | 3 or 5, ov, serr, acum, 100x60 |
sp sericeous ab and more so bel, petiole pubesc and gland-bristly |
| | SEP | | silky pubesc, much < pet |
| | PET | | white, to 20x8mm, oblance, rounded |
Scutellaria parvula australis [voucher]
All over the clearing with the deer-feeder; sparingly in fl and fr.
| | GEN | | ann? (delicate and no sign of old growth), erect, unbr |
| | LF | | opp, well spaced, spread 90deg, ov, 15x8x0.5mm, entire, palm veins r bel, min clear gland long wavy pubesc both sides |
| | INFL | | 1 in axils, pedicel 4-5mm |
| | SEP | | how many lobes?, joined, 3x2mm, d puber, oops I cut off the "protuberance" on the top side thinking it was a fruit stuck to it! |
| | PET | | 5?, join, bilat, lower lips rather enlarged and sl notched, upper lip hood-like, blue with white patterning on top of lower lips leading into throat, d puber, 8x3mm or maybe sl larger |
| | STAM | | 4, att halfway, whitishm glab |
| | ANTH | | incl, white pollen, puber on blue back |
| | OV | | 1, sup, 1 chamb?, 4 ovules |
| | FR | | weird-shaped green capsule, roundish but constricted in the middle sorta chef-hat-like, round seen from top, hairy, 5mm wide (too squashed to get height) |
Can't key the variant: took it from the plant list on faith.
Definitely a S., but can't figure species; not in UArk list, either, because it is emphatically neither S. virginica nor S. stellata.
| | INFL | | pedicel 17mm, sev brs per node |
| | SEP | | 16x6mm, widest ab mid, lt green w dker green veins, tight d curly gland puber |
| | PET | | limb excl 3-4mm, limb 13mm, forked, cut 4mm, app simple 1.5x0.8mm oblong thing |
Silene virginica
Unmistakable. In full fl in sev places near creek.
Sisyrinchium angustifolium [voucher]
Throughout; in fl.
| | INFL | | bracts of spathe not very unequal |
Don't have desc of UArk's other species, but this looks just like ours.
Tradescantia ohiensis [voucher]
Open woods; in full fl.
| | LF | | alt, sheathing at v base, glab, 12mm wide, as wide as sheath when opened |
| | SEP | | 3, free, glab w tuft of sev v long sl kinky clear hairs at v tip |
| | PET | | 3, free, glab, bright blue, 13x8mm, obov, dries somewhat clear, d kinky-hairy inside at base made of min lter-colored "beads" w dker constrictions between them |
| | STAM | | 6, excl, blue, hairy or scaly? |
Verbesina helianthoides [voucher]
All over open woods; in full fl.
| | LF | | alt, ellip, 115x40+0mm, irreg coarsely toothed, wedge, acum, d hispid both sides esp bel |
| | INFL | | sev in d corymb at top, peduncle 40mm |
| | PHYL | | 10x1.8mm, acutish, spread a bit, v d hispid and whitish, sev eq rows or outer longer, invol broad dish-like |
| | RECEPT | | scaly, 6.5mm, folded, scar bel, d strig ab, obtuse |
| | RAY | | 8-12, yell, to 30x5mm, min toothed, spread raggedly, sterile? |
| | OV | | 3mm, fusiform, min fusif ab |
Not in any of my floras, but it is in
McKenny such as it is. Genus seems clear, both from
Wofford key and
RA&B description. Looking on plant list, the only one I don't have descriptions of is
V. helianthoides, and the others definitely do not match, while what little
McKenny has to say leads me strongly to believe it is a viable possibility.
I haven't studied these yet:
ar fungus
ar lichen
< 20060510 | home | index | 20060524 >
